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A2 Intermediate Comparisons

比 (bǐ): How to Say “…-er Than…” (Comparisons)

To compare two things, Chinese uses 比 (bǐ): Noun1 + 比 + Noun2 + Adjective = “Noun1 is more [adj] than Noun2” (我比他高 = “I'm taller than him”). The first noun wins; the adjective stays bare.

Why this trips learners up

The everyday way to compare two things in Chinese is 比 (bǐ), and it works a lot like English “than” — except the word order takes some getting used to. The pattern is Noun1 + 比 + Noun2 + Adjective: 我他高 = “I'm taller than him”. 比 sits between the two things being compared, and whatever comes first wins — 小李比小张高 means Xiao Li is the taller one.

The big thing to unlearn: the adjective stays in its plain form. There's no “more”, no “-er”, and — crucially — no 很: 他比我高, never 他比我很高. Two more rules round it out. The adjective must be positive (to flip a comparison you swap the nouns — 他比我高, not 我比他不高), and 比 is only for things that differ — for “the same as” you switch to 跟…一样 (我跟他一样高), never 比…一样.

Want “even more”? Add 更 (gèng) before the adjective: Noun1 + 比 + Noun2 + 更 + Adj — 小李比小张高 (“Xiao Li is even taller”), the sense being that Xiao Zhang is already tall and Xiao Li tops him. And for “much more”, don't reach for 很 — use a degree tail like 得多 or 多了: 这个城市比我的家乡大得多 (“much bigger”).

The structure

Subject ObjectAdjective
Colour key

Each colour marks one grammatical role — and the same colour means the same role on every page in the Lab.

Pattern Subject Object Complement Adverb Adjective Measure word Number Question

Examples in context

Real-world sentences, easiest first. Toggle pinyin or the translation, tap any word to see its role, or play the audio.

Tap a word to see its grammatical role.

gēge 哥哥 Subject Pattern dìdi 弟弟 Object gāo Adjective

The older brother is taller than the younger one.

wǒ de fángjiān 我的房间 Subject Pattern nǐ de 你的 Object Adjective

My room is bigger than yours.

huǒchē piào 火车票 Subject Pattern fēijī piào 飞机票 Object piányi 便宜 Adjective ma Question

Are train tickets cheaper than plane tickets?

zhè jiā diàn de cài 这家店的菜 Subject Pattern nà jiā de 那家的 Object hǎochī 好吃 Adjective

This restaurant's food is tastier than that one's.

mèimei 妹妹 Subject hěn Adverb gāo Adjective jiějie 姐姐 Subject Pattern Object gèng Adverb gāo Adjective

The younger sister is tall — and the older sister is even taller (比…更).

jīnnián de kǎoshì 今年的考试 Subject Pattern qùnián 去年 Object gèng Adverb nán Adjective

This year's exam is even harder than last year's.

zhège chéngshì 这个城市 Subject Pattern wǒ de jiāxiāng 我的家乡 Object Adjective de duō 得多 Complement

This city is much bigger than my hometown (得多 = “much”, the right way — not 很).

Subject Pattern Object Adjective sān Number suì Measure word

He's three years older than me (比 + adjective + the exact amount).

Common mistakes

Avoid: 他比我很高。 tā bǐ wǒ hěn gāo.
Say this: 他比我高。 tā bǐ wǒ gāo. (much taller → 他比我高得多)

Why it happens: No 很 inside a 比 comparison — the adjective stands bare. “He's taller than me” is 他比我高, never 他比我很高. For “much taller”, use a degree tail: 他比我高得多 / 高多了. (很 is for plain statements, not comparisons.)

Avoid: 我比他不高。 wǒ bǐ tā bù gāo.
Say this: 他比我高。 tā bǐ wǒ gāo. (= he is taller than me)

Why it happens: The adjective has to be positive. You can't say “A 比 B not-tall” — 我比他不高 is wrong. To express the opposite, swap the two nouns and keep the positive adjective: 他比我高 (“he's taller than me”).

Avoid: 我比他一样高。 wǒ bǐ tā yīyàng gāo.
Say this: 我跟他一样高。 wǒ gēn tā yīyàng gāo. (= as tall as him)

Why it happens: 比 is for things that DIFFER. For “the same as”, use 跟…一样, not 比 — “I'm as tall as him” is 我跟他一样高, never 我比他一样高. 比 = one is more; 一样 = they match.

Compare & contrast

比 — one is MORE (they differ)跟…一样 — they're the SAMEThe difference
我比他高。wǒ bǐ tā gāo. = I am taller than him我跟他一样高。wǒ gēn tā yīyàng gāo. = as tall as him我比他高 = “I'm taller than him” — one side wins. 我跟他一样高 = “I'm as tall as him” — dead level.
这个比那个贵。zhège bǐ nàge guì. = this is dearer than that这个跟那个一样贵。zhège gēn nàge yīyàng guì. = this is as dear as that这个比那个贵 = “this is more expensive than that”. 这个跟那个一样贵 = “this is just as expensive as that”.
Rule of thumb比 says one side wins — A 比 B + adjective = “A is more [adj] than B” (我比他高). 跟…一样 says they match — A 跟 B 一样 + adjective = “A is as [adj] as B”. They differ? 比. The same? 跟…一样. Never mix them (no 比…一样).

Try it yourself

Say “The younger brother is shorter than the older brother.” — tap the words into order.

Related patterns

Quick reference card
Merry Mandarin 比 (bǐ): How to Say “…-er Than…” (Comparisons) grammar.merrymandarin.com

A pocket summary — print it and keep it by your desk.

Structure
Subject + 比 + Object + Adjective
Example
哥哥比弟弟高
The older brother is taller than the younger one.
Watch out
✗ 他比我很高。  →  ✓ 他比我高。